Admin
24 Jun, 2025
Year-in-review report on my role as Deputy Minister of Defence and Military Veterans within the Government of National Unity
Honourable Nqabayomzi Kwankwa, MP Parliament Leader of the United Democratic Movement (UDM) Parliament of the Republic of South Africa Cape Town Dear Honourable Kwankwa, Year-in-review report on my role as Deputy Minister of Defence and Military Veterans within the Government of National Unity I trust this letter finds you in good health and high resolve. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Since my appointment as Deputy Minister of Defence and Military Veterans in July 2024, I have had the privilege of engaging meaningfully with various parliamentary structures, state institutions, and formations within the South African National Defence Force (SANDF), as well as in certain instances, alongside the Minister - as evidently drawn in a summative table below, there was no space to breathe. These engagements have highlighted both the strengths and the structural weaknesses within our broader governance ecosystem. Most of the issues identified are of a legacy nature. The Auditor-General’s report has been instrumental in guiding the new Ministry, the Joint Standing Committee on Defence, and the Portfolio Committee on Defence, providing critical insight into the terrain we are expected to navigate. It is clear that the Department of Defence did not escape the effects of state capture. The ongoing SIU investigations initiated through proclamations signed by the President and the fact that the former Minister is still before the courts highlight the depth of the challenges we face. These realities point to a protracted process of restoring the integrity and capacity of the SANDF, a task further complicated by years of chronic underfunding. Another matter that garnered considerable public and institutional attention was the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) debacle, which placed the Department of Defence under intense scrutiny. This incident raised serious concerns about the overall capacity, preparedness, and logistical readiness of the SANDF to effectively carry out its continental peacekeeping and combat obligations. It further brought into question the adequacy of our planning processes, resource allocation, and strategic command structures in high-risk deployments. The DRC episode served as a stark reminder of the urgent need to review and strengthen our defence capabilities, particularly in the context of multinational operations under the auspices of SADC or the African Union. Adding to the ongoing concerns is the increasing impact of climate change, which continues to present new and evolving threats to our country’s security and humanitarian stability. This changing climate landscape is testing the capacity of the SANDF to respond swiftly and effectively, particularly in the deployment of rescue equipment and disaster relief operations. A case in point is the devastating floods in the Eastern Cape, which tragically claimed the lives of at least 92 people, though the final death toll is yet to be confirmed. Despite the scale of the disaster, only one Oryx helicopter was deployed for rescue and relief efforts days after the disaster had occurred, highlighting the severe limitations in our aerial response capabilities during emergencies. This highlights the urgent need to improve SANDF’s disaster response readiness in alignment with the growing frequency and intensity of climate-related events. The purpose of this letter is twofold: To provide you, as Parliamentary Leader of the United Democratic Movement (UDM), with a concise reflection on the nature of oversight and executive engagement I have undertaken since assuming office; and To urge, in the strongest terms, the reactivation and intensification of Parliament’s role in holding the Executive accountable on several unresolved matters of national importance, especially those the UDM has historically championed. It is my belief that the UDM’s principled, consistent, and people-centred voice must now take a more assertive role in ensuring that findings, commissions, and legislative frameworks lead to real consequences and reform. SUMMARY OF ALL ENGAGEMENTS This Meetings Summary Table outlines the scope of my official engagements over the reporting period. It serves as a record of the work I have undertaken in the execution of my duties as Deputy Minister of Defence and Military Veterans. The engagements span parliamentary responsibilities, oversight of the Department and the SANDF, Cabinet cluster coordination, and international cooperation. I have always believed that public office must be anchored in accountability and purpose-driven action. Each meeting reflected in this table represents a deliberate effort to advance the priorities of our defence mandate, strengthen operational efficiency, and respond to the needs of our servicemen and women, veterans, and broader society. Whether meeting with international partners, military leadership, parliamentary committees, or community stakeholders, my focus has remained on upholding the integrity of the portfolio and ensuring that decisions are informed, inclusive, and responsive to our evolving national and global context. This table is therefore more than a schedule - it is a transparent demonstration of the work done, the responsibilities carried, and the trust placed in my office to serve with diligence, consistency, and impact. Meeting Type / Category Total Meeting Count Summary Description Department of Defence (DoD) related meetings 63 Strategic meetings with Armscor, Denel, Defence Secretariat, AG compliance briefings, logistics planning, HR and CMIS oversight, force design sessions, budget alignment talks, and NCACC duties. SANDF Service Formations 42 Operational visits and reviews at SA Army HQ, Navy HQ, AFB Waterkloof, Military Police, Defence Intelligence, SAMHS, Logistics HQ, CMIS, and SF Brigade; command parades and capability briefings. Joint Standing Committee on Defence (JSCD) 12 Defence oversight briefings, acquisition performance reviews, and coordination with Treasury and Armscor. Portfolio Committee on Defence & MV 58 Parliamentary meetings focused on oversight of military veterans, departmental annual reports, and policy matters. Cabinet & Cluster Meetings 33 Engagements in JCPS and ICTS Cabinet Clusters, Deputy Ministers forums, Cabinet Lekgotla, executive caucuses, and inter-cluster alignments. International & Diplomatic Engagements 51 Bilateral engagements with Turkey, Italy, Pakistan, Spain, China, Cuba, India, the US, Japan, France, Russia, and multilateral meetings including BRICS, Ethiopia, AU Peace & Security Council sessions, arms control dialogues, the Thabo Mbeki Foundation dialogue on peace and security, various conferences on peace and security, and embassy briefings. Countries Visited on Bilateral Missions 6 Ethiopia, India, Pakistan, Cuba, Japan, and France. Community / Civic Engagements 19 Veteran forums, traditional leadership sessions, Youth Day, Women’s events, rural civic visits, and local councillor engagements. MILITARY DIPLOMACY AND STRATEGIC BILATERAL ENGAGEMENTS Over the course of this reporting period, I have placed a strong emphasis on advancing South Africa’s military diplomacy through a series of targeted bilateral and multilateral engagements. These efforts are aimed at deepening defence cooperation, strengthening strategic partnerships, and safeguarding our national interests in a dynamic and often volatile global environment. In meetings with representatives of foreign governments, military attachés, and international defence institutions, I have consistently advocated for the expansion of opportunities for our officers to attend foreign staff courses and specialised military training programmes. Building the intellectual and leadership capacity of the SANDF remains a top priority, and external training partnerships are central to that goal. Furthermore, I have worked to promote the interests of South Africa’s defence industry, calling for increased collaboration in manufacturing, technology transfer, and procurement opportunities. By encouraging reciprocal engagement between our state-owned and private defence entities and their international counterparts, we have opened new avenues for innovation and market access. These engagements have not been ceremonial. In some instances, we have used quiet diplomacy to de-escalate tensions, clarify miscommunications, and avert diplomatic fallout that could have had far-reaching implications for our defence posture and foreign relations. I remain committed to ensuring that every interaction, whether at a reception, conference, or strategic roundtable, serves the broader purpose of peace, preparedness, and prosperity for our nation and the region. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE 2015 DEFENCE REVIEW In terms of the FY2023/24 Ministerial Priorities as agreed to with the President on 18 July 2023, the Minister of Defence and Military Veterans was set the target of “Conducting an Evaluation of the Defence Review 2015 and Action Plan” for completion by 31 October 2024. The Department completed the draft documents in fulfilment of both the FY2023/24 Ministerial Priorities, as well as the subsequent direction as was given by the President during a bilateral engagement on 24 January 2024. The above- mentioned work-in-progress was formally submitted to the Presidency before the said 31 October 2024 deadline. PROCESS UNDERTAKEN The work-in-progress includes (inter alia): A concise PESTEL(M) Analysis of the Strategic Environment at the Global, Continental, Regional and National (GCRN) Dimensions. A Draft Defence Capstone Policy Concept for the Republic of South Africa. A Draft Military Capstone Strategizing Concept for the Defence and Protection of the Republic of South Africa. A Draft South African Military Strategy, Force Design and Force Structure for the period 2025 – 2055. The Journey to Greatness (Long Term Planning Intent). It was envisaged that a planned series of engagements and consultations would be pursued with the President and other critical stakeholders under the direction of the Minister before such work is formally tabled in Cabinet and in Parliament. Consequently, the South African National Security Council (SANSC) has directed the South African National Security Secretariat (SANSS) to develop a Report on the Reviewing of the Defence Review 2015 and the considerations for “investing in a sustainable modern Defence Force”. An initial engagement took place with the SANSS on 17 March 2025, where it was decided that a one-day workshop between the Department and the SANSS would be planned for the near future. This second engagement took place on Friday 13 June 2025. The work was well received and positive support was expressed in terms of the 1.5% of GDP Defence Funding Target as set by the President. The SANSS subsequently resolved to establish a small team of DGs (including the DG of the National Treasury) to engage on the fiscal strategy for attaining the goal as set by the President. Once endorsed by the National Treasury and the Ministry of Finance, this matter will proceed to the National Security Council and possibly Cabinet for further endorsement. Furthermore, the Minister will also be engaging with the Speaker and the Chairs of Parliamentary Committees on modalities for engagement with the relevant oversight bodies, so as to add value to this important work. The Department of Defence met the deadline as it was set by the Presidency. However, the Department cannot issue copies of the documents in question to the Portfolio Committee, or any structure beyond those explicitly identified for initial consultation, until a formal directive or clearance is received from the President. The decision on whether these documents may be distributed to oversight bodies rests with the Presidency, and the Department remains bound by that process. OVERSIGHT ROLE IN THE NATIONAL CONVENTIONAL ARMS CONTROL COMMITTEE (NCACC) As part of our collective responsibilities in the National Conventional Arms Control Committee (NCACC), we have actively contributed to the clearing of a significant backlog of arms control applications and export permits. Regular sittings of the Committee have ensured that due process is followed while maintaining the momentum necessary to support South Africa’s defence trade and associated industries. The backlog, which had affected operational timelines and contract fulfilment, has been systematically addressed except in instances where further verification or end-user clarity is still required. Our approach has balanced national security interests with economic imperatives, ensuring that compliant transactions are processed without unnecessary delay. Importantly, this work has direct fiscal implications. Every approved permit contributes to sustaining the country’s defence manufacturing base, securing jobs, and increasing state revenue. The NCACC therefore functions not only as a regulatory mechanism but also as a strategic enabler of industrial and economic resilience. We remain convinced that if the recovery and growth plans presented by Denel and Armscor are implemented with urgency and alignment, these state-owned entities can be repositioned toward institutional ascendancy. Through coordinated support and policy certainty, we can restore their role as vital components of South Africa’s defence capability and global competitiveness. ENGAGEMENTS WITH DEFENCE INDUSTRY STAKEHOLDERS Recent engagements with stakeholders across the defence industry were held as part of ongoing efforts to advance the implementation of public-private partnership (PPP) resolutions adopted during previous national platforms. These interactions served both as progress reviews and as strategic exchanges aimed at deepening cooperation in critical capability areas, including artillery systems, weapons testing, and industrial modernisation. The engagements also reaffirmed a shared commitment to leveraging the local defence industry as a cornerstone of national security and economic growth. A central focus of these engagements was the increasing interest, both domestically and internationally, in concluding memoranda of understanding (MoUs) with South African partners. These MoUs are expected to strengthen collaboration in advanced defence manufacturing and testing, helping position South Africa as a serious global player in next-generation defence systems. Discussions also centred on developing a coherent industry roll-out strategy that aligns local capabilities with global demand, enables technology transfer, and revitalises underutilised infrastructure for defence innovation. Stakeholders noted some progress since the last formal conference, but also expressed concern over regulatory delays, particularly those related to the issuing of permits by oversight bodies. These delays have disrupted momentum on several priority projects, thereby limiting the speed and scale of PPP execution. On a positive note, regulatory engagements with National Treasury have yielded revised guidelines, effective June 2025, that provide broader space for PPPs in areas such as prime mission equipment maintenance and upgrades. Concurrent consultations with the SANDF are also underway to ensure that industry proposals respond directly to operational requirements. One of the most significant recommendations arising from these discussions is the proposal to establish a dedicated PPP Directorate within the Department of Defence. This unit would serve as the central coordinating body for all PPP-related initiatives, reporting directly to senior leadership and working closely with oversight structures such as the Council on Defence and SANDF command. Stakeholders further recommended that the scope of PPPs be expanded beyond weapons systems to include strategic infrastructure development such as military hospitals, new bases, and the rehabilitation of command and logistics centres, thereby enabling comprehensive capability renewal. These engagements concluded with a unified commitment to intensify coordination between government, the defence force, state-owned entities, and industry partners. The focus going forward is to finalise a practical implementation roadmap for PPPs, remove regulatory bottlenecks, and institutionalise a mechanism to drive delivery on key resolutions. Stakeholders reiterated their readiness to support the Department’s efforts in positioning the local defence industry as a strategic, responsive, and globally competitive contributor to national development and security imperatives. ISSUES FACED BY MILITARY VETERANS One of the critical departments currently facing significant challenges is the Department of Military Veterans (DMV), particularly with regard to the prolonged delays in filling vacant posts. In response, we have convened a series of strategic sessions aimed at resolving these longstanding issues. These efforts have included the development of structured data management procedures, the compilation of a comprehensive implementation plan, and the establishment of a reliable and up-to-date veterans database. Through these targeted interventions, we are confident that tangible progress will be achieved, ensuring improved service delivery and greater satisfaction for military veterans across the country. Furthermore, we are working in close collaboration with the Presidential Task Team (PTT) to accelerate the resolution of the pressing issues identified above. This partnership is anchored in a shared commitment to restoring dignity and improving the quality of life for military veterans. The PTT serves as a vital coordinating mechanism, bringing together various stakeholders across government to ensure alignment, expedite decision-making, and remove bureaucratic obstacles. PARLIAMENTARY ENGAGEMENTS TO DATE In adherence to the principles of transparency and executive accountability, I have participated in a wide range of key engagements since assuming office, as reflected in the Meetings Summary Table above. These include: Portfolio Committee on Defence and Military Veterans – Regular attendance and formal submissions on matters affecting strategic capability, force readiness, and the well-being of military veterans, including oversight on departmental performance and policy execution. Joint Standing Committee on Defence – Active participation in joint oversight sessions, with specific focus on defence budget alignment, acquisition oversight, interdepartmental coordination, and strengthening the operational posture of the South African National Defence Force. Parliamentary Budget Votes and Debates – Participation in defence-related budget vote debates, including presenting key departmental priorities, defending expenditure patterns, and outlining performance targets in support of the Vote 23 allocation. Questions and Answers in Parliament – Engagements in plenary sessions involving questions to the President and Deputy President, as well as oral and written responses to parliamentary queries related to peace and security, military procurement, international cooperation, and veterans’ affairs. The nature of these engagements has not only reinforced the importance of parliamentary oversight but has also highlighted the urgent need for meaningful and enforceable accountability across all arms of the state. These engagements reveal systemic weaknesses, recurring audit disclaimers, and a dangerous normalisation of underperformance in service delivery and defence operations. In this context, the United Democratic Movement must position itself at the forefront of revitalising Parliament’s role. We must not only build on previous oversight work, but also be uncompromising in demanding implementation, consequence management, and institutional reform. Whether dealing with state-owned entities, public funds, or post-commission reform, the UDM must lead efforts to restore ethical and effective governance. ENGAGEMENTS WITH SANDF SERVICE FORMATIONS AND DEFENCE INDUSTRY ENTITIES In line with my executive responsibilities and the constitutional duty to ensure responsive governance, we have conducted a series of structured engagements with the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) and its associated defence industry institutions. These engagements have been instrumental in mapping the operational posture, resource gaps, institutional dysfunctions, and potential areas of reform within the defence ecosystem. Within the SANDF, we have exercised oversight on the following service formations and divisions: South African Army South African Air Force South African Navy South African Military Health Service (SAMHS) Military Police Division Logistics Division Human Resources Division Military Intelligence Division, among others. Each of these components performs a critical function in safeguarding the territorial integrity, sovereignty, and national interests of the Republic. However, these briefings have revealed a pattern of declining capacity, exacerbated by chronic underfunding, outdated equipment, infrastructure backlogs, and skills attrition. ENGAGEMENTS WITH THE DEFENCE INDUSTRY: DENEL AND ARMSCOR In addition to these military briefings, we have participated in oversight and strategic discussions with the two most significant players in our domestic defence industrial base - Denel and Armscor. These engagements have been instrumental in reaffirming the defence function not as an expense, but as a constitutional guarantee of sovereignty, stability, and peacekeeping in the region. However, without strategic intervention by Parliament, the SANDF risks organisational stagnation. The effectiveness of Parliament has been ambiguous for some time, with many struggling to comprehend that portfolio committees, particularly those overseeing Defence, have been raising alarms over a continued decline, yet the resolutions have largely amounted to little more than talk shops over the years. Every week, we report to the portfolio committees on these issues, but when it comes to Parliament’s role in capacitating these committees and ensuring the protection of our country, tangible support has been lacking. Even when in 2023 the President issued a directive to increase defence funding from 0.57% to 1.5% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), subsequent Cabinet meetings reduced these urgent calls to mere rhetoric, and the National Treasury failed to allocate the necessary funds. Parliament and the Government of National Unity must establish a structured, accountable process to implement resolutions, especially those related to Defence and oversight bodies such as SCOPA. PARLIAMENT’S OVERSIGHT MANDATE: LEGISLATIVE AND CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK Parliament’s oversight function is grounded in our democratic Constitution and further supported by key legislation that empowers Members of Parliament to act decisively: Section 55(2) of the Constitution mandates the National Assembly to “provide for mechanisms to ensure that all executive organs of state in the national sphere of government are accountable to it”; Section 92(2) and (3) of the Constitution holds Cabinet members individually and collectively accountable to Parliament; Rules of the National Assembly empower committees to summon any person to provide evidence, produce documents, or account for their actions; The Financial Management of Parliament and Provincial Legislatures Act (Act 10 of 2009) and the Money Bills Amendment Procedure and Related Matters Act (Act 9 of 2009) outline Parliament’s role in fiscal scrutiny and resource allocation oversight. This framework makes it clear: Parliament is not a passive observer. It is a constitutional watchdog with the authority and duty to demand accountability, transparency, and implementation. URGENT NATIONAL PRIORITIES DEMANDING PARLIAMENTARY ACTION Considering the background outlined above, I respectfully urge you to deploy the full weight of your office and the UDM’s parliamentary caucus to intensify oversight and push for finality on the following critical matters: Implementation of the Zondo Commission Findings The State Capture Commission unveiled an architecture of corruption that compromised state institutions and undermined public trust. Yet, implementation of its findings remains inconsistent and slow. The UDM, through Parliamentary procedures must: Demand detailed progress reports from the Presidency and the NPA; Ensure asset recovery is expedited and transparent; Create a dedicated oversight structure within Parliament to track implementation and prevent institutional regression; Introduce reforms to seal procurement loopholes and reinforce the independence of law enforcement bodies. Champion and expedite the enactment of legislation that enshrines the Commission’s rulings into law, effectively safeguarding the state from future attempts of corruption in any form. Public Investment Corporation (PIC) Accountability The Mpati Commission laid bare the mismanagement and undue influence within the PIC, risking public servants’ pensions. The UDM, through Parliamentary procedures must: Demand a detailed and public implementation report from Treasury and the PIC; Reinforce transparency in investment decisions; Re-evaluate laws governing the PIC to insulate it from political and commercial abuse. State Response to Ex-Mineworkers The UDM has long championed justice for ex-mineworkers, many of whom continue to suffer from occupational illnesses without compensation. Despite acknowledgment from former President Mbeki, implementation remains weak. The UDM, through Parliamentary procedures must: Pursue diligent follow-up on all correspondence directed to the Presidency and the Department of Labour during the tenure of former Minister Thulas Nxesi, wherein the UDM formally submitted numerous letters concerning this matter. Demand a policy framework with timelines and budget allocations for redress; Establish an interdepartmental task team to coordinate response efforts; Oversee enforcement of legal rulings and settlement payouts to affected mineworkers and their families. Land Reform and Restitution Delays The backlog in land claims, particularly post-1998 claims, continues to disenfranchise communities. The UDM, through Parliamentary procedures must: Demand a revised, time-bound implementation plan from the Commission on Restitution of Land Rights; Introduce clearer legislative frameworks for expediting land restitution and tenure security. Collapse of Provincial Health Systems and NHI Readiness While the National Health Insurance (NHI) Bill signals intent for universal healthcare, existing infrastructure and corruption in the provincial health systems raise serious concerns where many are destitute. The UDM, through Parliamentary procedures must: Demand provincial audits on hospital infrastructure and medical staffing; Scrutinise funding flows in aim to prevent tender manipulation; Insist on a phased, measurable NHI roll-out plan with clear reporting mechanisms to Parliament. The other issue is the pension of the South Africa Transkei Bophuthatswana Venda Ciskei (SATBVC) states , President Ramaphosa during the State of the Nation Address (SoNA) instructed the minister of Finance to address the matter, but Treasury once more ignored this call, however, we managed to bring it back to Parliament and are simply asking him to monitor the progress of the finalisation of this enquiry and address the concerns of these pensioners. The other pressing matter is that which relates to the remuneration of the herdsman (iiBhodi). Numerous engagements with the Presidency, National Treasury, and COGTA had been initiated by the UDM in the 6th administration, and it my plea that your office further escalates the matter to ensure that there is action in as far as this issue concerned. Youth Unemployment and Skills Mismatch The UDM, through Parliamentary procedures must also confront the unacceptably high rate of youth unemployment, now surpassing 60% in some areas. Despite billions spent on education and skills development, graduates remain locked out of the economy. The UDM should demand: Full audits of SETAs and the National Skills Fund; Reforms linking training programmes directly to identified economic sectors; State procurement policies that prioritise youth-owned enterprises and cooperatives. CONCLUSION This report serves as a summative reflection on the engagements, responsibilities, and strategic interventions undertaken over the reporting period. It captures not only the scope of work executed in alignment with my portfolio duties, but also reflects the broader institutional and policy challenges we continue to confront as public representatives. The insights and data provided herein are intended to inform, support, and empower the critical oversight role played by your office and by Parliament more broadly. Honourable Kwankwa, we are at a historical juncture. Public confidence in democratic institutions is eroding. The gap between policy and implementation continues to widen. It is in this context that the UDM’s voice and leadership in Parliament must grow louder and more decisive. I remain committed to providing assistance wherever possible, fully appreciating the established reporting protocols given my deployment within the Executive. Nonetheless, I wish to emphasise with conviction that when these critical matters are brought forth by your esteemed office, they are far more likely to gain the necessary traction, visibility, and momentum. This will significantly amplify the many voices we represent in Parliament and ensure that our concerns receive the urgent attention they deserve. We must insist on accountability, demand justice for the forgotten, and champion ethical governance as a pillar of transformation. Through your leadership, Parliament must become a place where reports are not only tabled, but implemented; where corruption is not only debated, but punished; and where vulnerable communities are not only heard, but served. With a thorough understanding of the dynamics within the Government of National Unity (GNU), I intend to formally raise these concerns at the forthcoming Bosberaad of GNU leaders, convened as per the President’s suggestion in response to the recent budgetary challenges and the discontent expressed by other political parties regarding aspects of the decision-making process. It is particularly notable that the African National Congress (ANC) and the Democratic Alliance (DA) are, in posture, seen to be undermining other parties and excluding them in all decision-making processes. The aim of this Bosberaad is to view the priority areas that need alignment and rethinking. Please be assured of my continued cooperation and support in pursuit of this collective national duty. Yours sincerely, Maj. Gen. (Ret.) BH Holomisa President of the United Democratic Movement Deputy Minister of Defence & Military Veterans
Admin
20 Aug, 2019
Bantu Holomisa’s address at the Colloquium on Civil Military Relations in South Africa
• Honourable Chairperson • Honourable Minister and Deputy Minister • Secretary of Defence • Fellow Committee Members and Parliamentarians • Ladies and gentlemen 1. Thank you Allow me this opportunity to thank our Chairperson of the Portfolio Committee on Defence and Military Veterans, Mr VC Xaba, MP, for the opportunity to address you today. 2. Introduction In a time of war, the politics and society are willing to accept that the military has a just cause and its own set of values and standards, because we believe that they act for a higher good. The majority of the populace is happy to believe that the military is acting on its behalf and that it will do so with honour and justness. We have two familiar examples in our history where this is true: The South African Border War and the Armed Struggle. In both cases “the people”, or at the very least, certain sections of society, approved of, and supported and believed in, those armed actions. However, upon the dawn of true democracy, government was challenged by the necessity to make a paradigm shift, in which the South African National Defence Force simultaneously had to build an institution that is transparent, accountable and representative of the societal demographics. In addition, the former statutory and non-statutory armies had to be moulded into one united force. Both tall orders and as I discovered in my work with the Defence Force Service Commission, we, after 25 years, are still struggling to get right. As a quick example, many defence force men and women, who came from the various former armed forces retained their force numbers. There is no uniformity in the system and it has led to discrimination in promotions. We can, however, all agree that there must be a balance between having a well-funded and strong military to defend the state’s sovereignty, territorial integrity and well-being of its citizenry, and one that is subservient enough to not threaten the state and the people. But most of all, we need to guard against a military that is abused by government to quash dissent and destroy human rights and freedoms. We just have to look at our own history to understand how serious such a situation can be. 3. Parliament and laws keep us from running the risk of repeating the past The relationship between the military and civil society is sometimes a fickle one. On the continent, it has happened that the people look to the military to almost “save” them from the abuse of severe governmental corruption and looting of resources. In South Africa, there has for good reason, been a marked constitutional shift from “doing things the old way”, where military decisions were taken at security council level without consulting parliament. Which, in a certain way, meant that the military held government and the people at ransom. We can be thankful that our constitution now dictates that parliament has an imperative role to play in terms of monitoring our defence force’s readiness and sanctioning military action should the country be in imminent danger. Parliament must be kept abreast of the goings-on in the military, such as budget and operational needs, which talks to civilian oversight in its strongest and purest form. The laws governing the military and defence reviews (1998 and 2012/3) are the tools used to ensure that the civil-military relations in South Africa are healthy, trustable and that this relationship is kept stable and intact. 4. What could the business of the defence force be if we are not at war Not all threats are what we could traditionally consider the business of a defence force. The role of the defence force is not only to protect our people from outside military threats as, sometimes, the problem arises from within our borders. That is why the military should from time to time work in support of the police. Serious crime in various guises threaten the internal safety of our citizens and the security of our country. • There is a form of “economic espionage” where the intellectual property of Denel and Armscor is pillaged. • South Africans with links to foreign countries make use of our porous borders to fuel the drug trade to where it has become a pandemic. • Hijacked vehicles find their way across our borders in a matter of hours. Aside from the obvious role the defence force, for instance, plays in peacekeeping operations and emergency assist in case of natural disasters, it is clear that we need to let our minds go to see where the defence force can also play a meaningful role. 5. Secretary of Defence: is the civilian component inside the department effective? I want to zone into a very specific mechanism of civilian oversight in terms of the department of defence. As the system stands, for day-to-day administration and the coordination of strategic processes, the Minister of Defence and Military Veterans relies on the Defence Secretariat; which is the civilian component within the department. The system of having a Secretary of Defence primarily works well in developed countries, which have their own military conscription programmes, which in turn means there is a general understanding of how the military works. There is therefore a deep appreciation for the basic underpinnings of defence, which are speed, control and discipline. Even so, normally, the person who holds the post of Secretary of Defence has likely studied defence as a profession and is steeped in military culture. We need to understand that in a country where this is not the case, this leads to tensions. For instance, during my period of service on the Defence Force Service Commission, many frustrations were registered with us regarding the Secretary of Defence. On our tours across the country, interacting with the defence professionals and military careerists, the delays in decision-making and implementation was a hot topic. Commanders reported that they were constantly embarrassed when they were forced to go to the rank and file to try and explain why certain decisions were not yet implemented. This is not military culture. The Defence Force Service Commission quite often heard of scenarios where the office of the Secretary for Defence was blamed for delays. It seemed to them that the Secretary spent far too much time outside the country, for whatever reason, and was not preoccupied with making the defence force a well-oiled machine. We can all agree that the work of our defence force is by its very nature based on its ability and need to make quick decisions and ensure effective implementation. It is therefore counter-intuitive, that a civilian non-professional would be the lynchpin in this process. As currently implemented, civilian oversight has evolved into the appointment of civilians in the highest decision-making positions in a manner that undermines the ability of the security forces to manage their operations effectively. In my view, we need to take a look at the practicality of the current system of civilian oversight in the department of defence. Do we still need the Secretary of Defence to be an accounting officer? I personally favour that the commander of the defence force plays this role. Civilian oversight can reside with the office of the minister with constant liaison with parliament. Because, after all, how can the Secretary of Defence play the role of oversight and be the accounting officer? It’s just not common sense. In addition, it would be good if the defence force leadership could directly indicate their budgetary requirements to National Treasury. This will go a long way in making it an effective force that can serve this country well, and keep us safe. 6. Closing We can all agree that there is a careful, if not sometimes precarious, balance between the legislature, civil society and the military. Given our country’s history, it is all the more important that we continue to maintain this balance that we have struck over the past 25 years, but we must also be realistic about what works and what does not. It is of no use to cling to that which does not work at the expense of our country’s safety and the ability of the defence force to fulfil its constitutional mandate, in particular that “The defence force must be structured and managed as a disciplined military force”. I thank you.
Admin
23 Jul, 2014
Budget Vote 22 : Defence and Military Veterans
Address by Mr BH Holomisa, MP (UDM President) on Budget Vote 22: Defence and Military Veterans on 23 July 2014 in the National Assembly Chairperson Honourable Minister and Deputy Minister Honourable Members The United Democratic Movement supports budget vote 22. The department is one of the fortunate to have retained its Minister after 2014 elections therefore promising continuity of strategy and direction. As a member of the Defence Service Commission, I concur with defence force programme and plans as announced by the Minister today. Whilst appreciating minister’s input, however, as a country we need to look at some of the mandates given to us especially peace keeping related tasks. South Africa must always consider these tasks against its own safety, the safety of the troops deployed and its people. Conditions of service and equipment of the South African National Defence Force has not yet reached the expected standards and levels, much still need to be done. This situation is further exacerbated by a bloated bureaucracy and lack of professionalism within the defence force. Whilst the concept of civilian oversight, we all endorse, this house need to evaluate as to what extent is the approach affecting the capacity of the defence force in discharging its Constitutional mandate. The defence is an instruction based institution underpinned by key fundamental principles of high level discipline, speed and control. President Zuma, in 2010 appointed an Interim Force Service Commission to look at the challenges confronting the defence force at the time, as we all know the findings of the commission are well documented. The frustrating part is the slow pace in implementing the recommendations of the commission. It becomes more frustrating learning that some allocated budgets are under-utilised and returned to the fiscus. The United Democratic Movement recommends that this house, reconsider returning the Accounting Officer’s powers back to the Commander of the Defence Force and retain the civilian oversight in the Minister’s office. Such a bold step shall drastically increase the speed at which the conditions of service of our Defence Force are improved. It will further reduce the amount of bureaucratic red tape. Thank you
Admin
08 Oct, 2013
Parliamentary Debate on deployment of SA National Defence Force to Central African Republic
Address by Mr Bantu Holomisa, MP in the Parliamentary Debate on deployment of SA National Defence Force to Central African Republic 23 April 2013 Mister Speaker, Mister President and Honourable Members, “They had gone to CAR to assist. We never anticipated that we would be attacked. Somebody said when they were interviewing me, is it that maybe we were failed by our intelligence that had not picked up that we were going to be attacked”. This is what the Honourable Minister of Defence told the Nation two weeks ago. The Minister would have given better answers had she demanded an operational report from her Commanders. Her argument that she “did not anticipate to be attacked” is incomprehensible, considering that the CAR government briefed her of the imminent offensive from the rebel forces during her visit to that country late last year. It was during this meeting that the CAR government requested reinforcement from the South Africa government. The Minister came back and briefed the President about this request. Subsequently, President Zuma announced the deployment of an additional 400 troops in CAR with the mandate to disarm, demobilise and integrate the rebel forces into the army as well as protect the SANDF’s 26 trainers in CAR. Given this unambiguous mandate, it is puzzling to hear the Honourable Minister claim that she and her Commanders did not anticipate to be attacked. The existence of the operational report mentioned above would have given us specifics on details about the people who failed our troops in CAR and in the process disgraced our country. This report is important if we are to avoid making similar mistakes in future and to ensure that we take punitive steps against those who did not carry out orders. The same report would interrogate the allegations that our troops were deployed in that country to protect former President Bozizé and the business interests and assets of some politically connected South Africans. While talking of former President Bozizé, he made a startling revelation in December last year, when he publicly complained that his government was being targeted for giving mining rights to South Africa and China. The question now remains: “To what extent have these mining rights been diverted away from South African State owned mining companies in favour of a select few politically connected individuals and companies, such as Chancellor House, as reported?” It is becoming a norm in the African continent for countries to help other countries in exchange for their resources. In light of all the above, we should ask ourselves whether our presence in CAR served national interests or narrow party political interests. However, the reluctance of Government to establish a Commission of Inquiry to look into this matter compels us to be in agreement with those who claim that our troops in CAR were used to ensure that the looting spree in that country continued unabated. I wish to conclude by stating that, no amount of cover-ups and misinformation will prevent the truth about what happened in CAR from eventually coming out. Thank you.
Admin
29 Apr, 1998
Appointment of Nyanda welcomed
Statement issued by the Co-leaders of the UDM The UDM congratulates Lt. Gen. Nyanda with his appointment as chief of the South African National Defense Force. The UDM believes that his appointment will enhance the completion of the transformation process in the SANDF. We call on Lt. Gen. Nyanda to build a united military core, able to fulfill its changed role and ready to serve the people of South Africa.
